We use subject relative clauses to give more information about the subject of a sentence.
Relative pronouns who, which or that are at the beginning of a subject relative clause.
Who is used for people.
The boys who were at the bus stop are Mike’s friends.
Which is used for things and animals.
The cat which stood in front of my door was dirty and hungry.
The book which is on the top shelf is Mary’s.
That can be for people, things and animals.
The boys that were at the bus stop are Mike’s friends.
The cat that stood in front of my door was dirty and hungry.
The book that is on the top shelf is Mary’s.
The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause so we do not repeat the subject of the sentence in the relative clause, e.g. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. NOT The woman who the woman lives next door is a teacher.
HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT:
I Fill in the gaps with who, which or that.
- The shoes _______ are in the shop window are very nice but expensive.
- A song _______ was on her last CD was extremely popular.
- She loves films _______ have happy endings.
- We live a small town ______ is in the south-eastern part of the country.
- The postman ______ brought mail this morning is very polite.
- The cake ______ was baked for his birthday was delicious.
II Join the sentences in the places marked with * using who, which or that. (Do not repeat the subject of the second sentence.)
For example, The man* is his neighbour. The man helped him.
The man who helped him is his neighbour.
- The bus * goes at 7.30. The bus stops at Pirot.
- The girl * stopped me in the street. The girl spoke Spanish.
- The woman * cuts my hair. The woman has a hair saloon in my street.
- The machine * can fly to the moon. The machine is called a space rocket.
- The insect * gives honey. The insect is called a bee.
- The campsite * is very dirty. The campsite is near our town.
- The children * have gone on holiday. The children play basketball with my son.
- This computer * doesn’t work. This computer is very old.
- The boys * were at the party. The boys weren’t very interesting.
- The man * is very nice. The man works at the bakery.